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The University of Santo Tomas is one of the oldest existing universities and holds the oldest extant university charter in the Philippines and in Asia.〔Villaroel, Fidel. (2012). ''A History of the University of Santo Tomas: Four Centuries of Higher Education in the Philippines (1611-2011)'', Volume I, UST Publishing House, Manila. ISBN 978-971-506-664-8〕〔(History of UST ) (UST.edu.ph ). Accessed December 21, 2008〕 It was founded on April 28, 1611 by the third Archbishop of Manila, Miguel de Benavides, together with Frs. Domingo de Nieva and Bernardo de Santa Catalina. It was originally conceived as a school to prepare young men for the priesthood. Located within Intramuros, the Walled City, it was first called Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario and later renamed Colegio de Santo Tomás in memory of Dominican theologian Saint Thomas Aquinas. In 1624, the Colegio was authorized to confer academic degrees in Theology, Philosophy and Arts. On November 20, 1645 Pope Innocent X elevated the College to the rank of a university and in 1680 it was placed under royal patronage. Through the centuries, the University was given the following titles: Royal, Pontifical, and Catholic University of the Philippines. In 1785, for the loyalty shown by the administration and students who volunteered to defend Manila against the British invasion, King Charles III of Spain granted it the title of "Royal University". Pope Leo XIII made the University of Santo Tomas a "Pontifical University" on 1902 and in 1947, Pope Pius XII bestowed upon it the title of "The Catholic University of the Philippines". Thus its complete name is The Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines ((スペイン語:La Pontificia y Real Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino Universidad Católica de Filipinas)).〔UST Museum of Arts and Sciences - University Rector's academic insignias〕 In 1927, with the continuing increase in enrollment, the University moved from Intramuros to its present site which covers an area of 21.5 hectares in the district of Sampaloc, Manila. Since its foundation, the University's academic life has been interrupted only twice: 1898 to 1899, during the Philippine revolution against Spain; and 1942 to 1945, during the Japanese occupation of Manila, when the University of Santo Tomas was transformed by the Japanese military into an internment camp.〔 ==Founder== Although a few Dominican missionaries worked together to establish the University – including Miguel de Benavides, Bernardo Navarro, and other old professors from the higher colleges and universities in Spain – the founding of the University is attributed mainly to Miguel de Benavides, the first to give a fund for the maintenance of the institution.〔 Miguel de Benavides was born in 1550 in the Castilian town of Carrion de los Condes, province of Palencia, Spain, in the heart of the austere, grain-producing Tierra de Campos. Benavides is Spanish Dominican steeped in the theological principles of Francisco de Vitoria and Bartolomé de las Casas, who exchanged the prestigious professorial chair for remote and difficult new missions of the Philippines. He was chosen to govern the newly created Diocese of Nueva Segovia (now Vigan) as its First Bishop (1595–1601). He wrote the Doctrina Christiana in Chinese, the first book printed in the Philippines. Later, he was promoted to be the Third Archbishop of Manila (1602–1605). On July 26, 1605, Benavides died. In an appearance before King Philip II, he obtained a royal decree ordering the holding a referendum in the Philippines towards political self-determination. It took place in 1599. The people chose to be under the sovereignty and protection of the monarch. This event was the only plebiscite known in the entire colonial history before the 20th century.〔Villaroel, Fidel. (2005). ''Miguel de Benavides, O.P., Friar, Bishop and University Founder'', UST Publishing House, Manila. ISBN 971-506-330-6〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the University of Santo Tomas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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